Basics, Part 10b
The Armed People
A practical, actually-existing alternative to the bourgeois State – The Commune - arose in Paris, France, in the beginning of 1871.
It was more than the right of recall, and more than the whole people collectively in power and in perpetual democratic session. It was also the reappearance of The Armed People in a new kind of societal framework.
So-called Primitive Communism is an Armed People. Primitive Communism had been destroyed, and was still being destroyed, by the simultaneous rise of property relations and fall of the women. Here, in the Paris Commune, was an Armed People in advanced productive circumstances. The Paris Commune prefigured the end of the bourgeois State’s monopoly of violence, and the consequent eventual fall of The State in the world as a whole.
The security forces (army and police) existing before the Paris Commune had been paid by the bourgeois State to guarantee its survival. They were supposed to suppress the working class whenever they found suppression to be necessary, using any means they thought necessary, and they were constantly prepared for bloodshed and slaughter. These forces were disbanded by the Commune and were not replaced.
With hardly any exceptions, all “separations of powers” were abolished in the Paris Commune, leaving one main power: The Armed People.
In Chile, in the time of the Popular Unity government that fell on 11 September 1973, instead of an Armed People, a virtue was made of disarmament, and a “Peaceful Path” was worshipped as the new political Golden Calf.
In the document linked below, Volodia Teitelboim gives a brief description, from the point of view of one of those who was involved in the Chilean Popular Unity government, of its disastrous end. The fascists used the national army to overthrow the national government on behalf of the bourgeoisie. It was a shocking reminder of the real purpose and nature of the “special bodies of armed men” that are part of The State. They are there to preserve the allegiance of the State to the bourgeoisie.
Teitelboim calls for “A Reappraisal of the Issue of the Army,” meaning a return to the view of the Paris Commune, which is mentioned in the first line of Teitelboim’s document. This document is sufficient as the basis for a very good and necessary discussion in South Africa at this time.
Like the Chilean Popular Unity government, ours is a multiclass government underpinned by a class alliance for common goals. It is a unity-in-action, otherwise called a popular front.
Why has the South African NDR survived for nearly 16 years, while the Chilean Popular Unity fell after 1,000 days?
The answer could be that we are not pacifists, as so many of the Chilean Popular Unity politicians were. Or, the answer could be that our crisis has not arrived yet. Or, that we have passed at least one crisis, which may not yet be the last (i.e. in mid-2008, resolved by the recall of President Mbeki and the resignation of various ministers including Terror Lekota and Mluleki George).
Picture: There are very few images of freedom fighters in formation, in action, or ready for action, to be found on the Internet, whether of MK or of any of any other liberation army; but there are many photographs of freedom fighters in captivity, or dead.
Full justice has not yet been done. Alive or dead, the revolutionaries are still rebels and outcasts in the minds of the “respectable” bourgeoisie. For our part, we are still singing the Internationale, composed in Paris in the days of the Commune by the communard Eugène Pottier.
The picture is of a statue of the freedom fighter Dedan Kimathi, under the blue sky of Kenya.
AmAAAAAAAAAAndla!
Please download and read this text via the following link:
Further reading:
On the Time for Armed Struggle, 1974, Pomeroy (6800 words)
